Preheat oven to 375°F (190°C). Grease a 9×13 baking dish.
In a skillet, sauté kielbasa slices until lightly browned. Remove and set aside.
In the same skillet, melt butter, then whisk in flour to make a roux. Cook 1–2 minutes.
Slowly whisk in milk, stirring until smooth and thickened. Remove from heat, stir in sour cream, garlic powder, paprika, salt, and pepper.
Layer half of the potatoes in the baking dish, top with half of the onions, half of the kielbasa, and half of the sauce. Sprinkle with 1 cup cheese.
Repeat layers with remaining potatoes, onions, kielbasa, sauce, and cheese.
Cover with foil and bake for 30 minutes. Remove foil and bake another 15–20 minutes, until potatoes are tender and cheese is golden.
Garnish with fresh parsley and serve warm.